Livre d'or
2289 message(s) dans le livre d'or
-
- Tocanbename Le 15/11/2017
Компания «Tocan Solutions» предлагает современное программное обеспечение для всех видов бизнеса.
Система бизнес-аналитики, Система управления транспортом, Система управления складом и многое другое.
Также наша компания может разработать систему управления под любые цели вашего предпрятия.
Все подробности на сайте: http://bit.ly/2zwQI8J -
- Davidgor Le 15/11/2017
London Plumbers, Plumbing in London, 24 Hour Plumber London https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumbing
expert Plumbers London!..
Plumbing (which comes from the Latin word plumbum, which suggests lead, as pipes were once made from lead) is the job of working with pipes, tubing and plumbing fixtures for drinking water systems and getting cleared of waste. A plumber is a person who fixes or puts in piping systems, plumbing fixtures and equipment for example water heaters. Many plumbers are construction workers. The plumbing industry is an important part of every developed economy because people need clean water and safe ways to move and store waste.[1]
Plumbing refers to a system of pipes and fixtures put in a building to move water and the get rid of waste that is in water. Plumbing is different from water and sewage systems because plumbing system serves one building, while water and sewage systems serve a group of buildings or a city.
Contents [hide]
1 History
2 Materials
3 Regulation
4 References
History[change | change source]
Roman lead pipe at the Roman Baths in Bath, England, with a seam that is folded
Until modern cities grew in the 19th century. plumbing was very rare At about the same time, public health leaders began wanting better systems to get rid of waste. Before this, people got rid of waste by dumping it onto the ground or into rivers and collecting it. However, there were some plumbing pipes in the city settlements of the Indus Valley Civilization by 2700 B.C.[2] Plumbing was also used during the ancient civilizations such as the Greek, Roman, Persian, Indian, and Chinese civilizations as they built public baths and needed drinking water, and somewhere to drain waste. The Romans used pipe inscriptions to stop people from stealing water.
These systems did not improve much over the years. There were no improvements from the time of the Roman aqueducts and sewers until the 19th century. Eventually the development of separate, underground water and sewage systems got rid of open sewage ditches and cesspools. Most large cities today send solid wastes through pipes to sewage treatment plants. Treatment separates water from waste and makes the water more pure before it goes into streams or other bodies of water. Most places stopped for drinking water after World War II because of the dangers of lead poisoning, using lead. At this time, copper piping was started because it was safer than using lead pipes.[3]
Materials[change | change source]
Water systems in ancient times used gravity to move water. They used pipes or channels usually made of clay, lead, bamboo or stone. Today, water-supply systems use a network of high-pressure pumps, and pipes are made of copper,[4] brass, plastic, or other material that is nontoxic. Drain and vent lines are made of plastic, steel, cast-iron, and lead. Lead isn't used in pipes today because it can be poisonous.[5][6][7]
Piping being placed for a sink
Plumber wrench for working on pipes and fittings
The 'straight' sections of plumbing systems are of pipe or tube. A pipe is usually made by casting or welding, where a tube is made through extrusion. Pipe has thicker walls and might be threaded or welded, where tubes have thinner walls, and needs special joining techniques like 'brazing', 'compression fitting', 'crimping', or for plastics, 'solvent welding'.
In addition to the straight pipe or tubing, many fittings are required in plumbing systems, such as valves, elbows, tees, and unions.
Plumbing fixtures are designed. Some examples of fixtures include water closets (also known as toilets), urinals, bidets, showers, bathtubs, utility and kitchen sinks, drinking fountains, ice makers, humidifiers, air washers, fountains, and eye wash stations.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piping_and_plumbing_fitting -
- Kirillred Le 15/11/2017
-
- SlowHyCrent Le 15/11/2017
-
- Robertreofe Le 14/11/2017
Продам прогнозы с сайта m-sp.in . Пишите на почту zonder2456@mail.ru -
- IsidorGoord Le 14/11/2017
-
- Francistaw Le 14/11/2017
Волонтер - Джиголюк Наталья, проводит сбор средств на приобретение вещей, которые обеспечат безопасность и выживаемость Солдат:
Бронежилеты
Термобелье
Теплая обувь
Дождевики и перчатки
Фонари
Приборы ночного виденья
Рации
Генераторы
Бинокли
Медикаменты
Мы за мир. Мы за жизни тех Солдатов, которые выбрали своей миссией спасение Украины – Украины единой и неделимой.
Помните о том, что хотят у нас забрать: помните о нашей значимости. Нас не лишат того, что принадлежит нам с рождения. Мы не позволим за нас вершить наше будущее.
Главное – быть вместе. Равнодушие рождает тех, кто готов за Вас принимать решения, оно позволяет управлять Вами. Только вместе мы справимся с тиранией тех, кто не уважает нас и наш выбор.
И стоя за спинами наших защитников, мы сделаем все, чтобы они остались живы.
Никогда нельзя сдаваться. Мы верим в каждого.
Борітеся — поборете!
За вас правда, за вас слава
І воля святая!
Контакты :
E-mail - shpilya@online.ua
Viber - +380633529515
Vk - https://vk.com/id13296440
Номер карты Приватбанка для пожертвования:
5168 7423 4401 8357
Bitcoin адресс для пожертвования:
17GoKzdA21aH8gXVeGmvLCQk45K1FpLpyK
Яндекс деньги для пожертвования : shpilya@online.ua -
- RazumnikDer Le 14/11/2017
hausavat laptog viatriz
rowly tronnasoalty Ododdemo
Glott TatAbaxy teewshab
ocealiaViemi coelonek SifeBits -
- AnthonyGaito Le 13/11/2017
Very good forum posts. Thanks a lot.
canadianpharmaciesbnt.com
best online international pharmacies -
- Fedorinfib Le 13/11/2017
Écrire un message sur le livre d'or
